In cybersecurity, what does 'exploit' refer to?

The term 'exploit' in cybersecurity specifically refers to the full use of a vulnerability for malicious purposes. This involves taking advantage of weaknesses in software, hardware, or networks to gain unauthorized access, steal data, or cause other types of damage. Exploits can manifest in various forms such as malware, phishing attacks, or simply leveraging existing flaws in code.

Understanding exploits is critical in the broader context of cybersecurity as it directly relates to the methods attackers employ to breach systems and the importance of patching vulnerabilities to protect sensitive information. Knowledge of potential exploits enables security professionals to implement more effective defensive measures, thereby reducing the risk of cyberattacks.