What function does a router perform in networking?

A router primarily functions to route data packets between different networks. It is a networking device that determines the best path for data to travel from its source to its destination, which can involve multiple networks. Routers analyze packet headers, determine the optimal routes, and forward packets accordingly to ensure efficient data communication.

This function is crucial for enabling communication across diverse networks, such as within an organization connecting to the internet or various branch offices communicating with each other. The ability to manage traffic and direct data flows helps maintain network efficiency and performance.

The other options describe functions associated with different types of devices or processes in networking, such as firewalls or intrusion detection systems, which monitor traffic and protect networks, and other technologies that might enhance bandwidth but do not directly pertain to the routing function of a router.