What is the function of hubs in a network?

The function of hubs in a network is primarily to connect multiple devices within a Local Area Network (LAN). Hubs operate at the physical layer of the OSI model, meaning they are responsible for facilitating communication between devices by transmitting data packets to all connected devices regardless of where the data is intended to go. This creates a simple and straightforward way for devices such as computers, printers, and servers to communicate with each other over the same network.

Because hubs do not have the capability to filter, manage, or secure data packets, they operate on a broadcast basis — sending data out to all ports. While their simplicity can serve well in small networks, hubs generally lack the efficiency and intelligence found in more advanced networking devices, such as switches, which can direct data packets to specific devices based on their MAC addresses.