What is the primary function of an operating system (OS)?

The primary function of an operating system (OS) is to control hardware and manage resources. An OS serves as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware. It enables the effective utilization of system resources such as the CPU, memory, disk space, and input/output devices. By managing these resources, the OS ensures that multiple applications can run simultaneously without interfering with each other, maintains system stability, and optimizes performance.

Additionally, the OS handles the execution of programs and facilitates communication between software applications and hardware components. This includes tasks such as scheduling processes, handling memory allocation, managing file systems, and enforcing security protocols. This foundational role in resource management is critical for the overall functionality of a computer system, making the operating system integral to any computing environment.

While other options mention important aspects related to computing, they do not capture the core responsibilities of an OS as effectively as resource management does. Compiling programming languages, enhancing graphic user interfaces, and providing advanced network security are functions tied to specific software or components rather than the overarching role of an operating system.