Which of the following is a goal of performing vulnerability analysis?

Performing vulnerability analysis is primarily aimed at identifying and evaluating weaknesses within a system that could be exploited by attackers. This process is crucial for understanding the security posture of an organization and involves looking into the root causes of vulnerabilities to prevent any potential damage. By finding the root causes of vulnerabilities, organizations can take steps to mitigate these risks, thus protecting sensitive data and maintaining the integrity of their systems.

Identifying root causes allows for implementing better security measures, patch management, and system hardening, which in turn supports a proactive cybersecurity strategy. This makes option B the most relevant goal in the context of vulnerability analysis, as it directly connects the analysis to the potential impact on an organization's security and data protection efforts.